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How Much Debt is Too Much?

Asking you how much debt you expect in your life is kind of like asking you to pinpoint your ideal amount of sex. According to one online poll, more than once a day is too much sex for over 50% of the general populace, while 37% "can never get enough!" For those of you wondering how many partners and one-night stands the average lesbian goes through in a lifetime, there appears to be some contention in the numbers. Feel free to post links to other studies that may trump these numbers.

But what does that really say? For those who would ideally have sex once a day or three times a week, we're not talking about a different woman every night... or maybe we are. What kind of sex? With restraint in the name of safety, or do we mean no-holds-barred, the whole shebang (pun definitely intended)? With a wifey, a one-night stand or a friend with benefits?

Debt, like sex, means different things in different circumstances. Debt can be structured for short-term repayment ("Short Term Loans In As Little As One Hour, Bad Credit OK! No Faxing") or long-term. Debt can be used to build a future or for daily consumption. Some debt is backed up by something of real value (collateral) and some debt is unsecured. Some debt eases you in with initial discounts and then six months later adjusts its terms to something outrageous that you can't afford. This latter circumstance, most common in the form of Adjustable Rate Mortgages (ARMs), is primarily responsible for triggering the liquidity crisis that threatens the economy today. (Insert liquidity joke here.)

In case you think I am taking this analogy too far, there's a woman named Jennifer S. Wilkov who has written an entire book on the principal of romancing one's finances (Dating Your Money). This author also happens to have confessed recently to stealing over $1 million from investors in bogus real estate deals, so maybe you'll keep reading my version before clicking over to Amazon.

Jokes aside for a moment, now that the real estate bubble has popped and easy credit has disappeared, many Americans are caught in a difficult situation with debt. I say "Americans" not out of patriotism or myopic disregard for international readers, but because this is specifically an American dilemma. The U.S. personal savings rate has been less than 1%, and even negative, for the past two years. This means that if you spent more than you earned last year, you managed your money about as well as most people in this country. The federal government has operated at a deficit, as
well, since Bush took over from Clinton's surplus.
At the macroeconomic level, such debt is not sustainable. Treasury debt and the current account deficit (import-export trade gap) add to downward pressure on the dollar, as excessive debt makes U.S. currency less attractive to foreign bondholders.

Putting this into the terms we started with, does this make the United States of America a land of debt promiscuity? Are we credit sluts? Before you cry mea culpa and cut up your Mastercard, take some time to evaluate your relationship with debt. There are almost as many online resources for debt management as there are for sexuality. You can find step-by-step strategies for improving your credit score and find tools for calculating how much credit you can afford.

But if debt-to-income calculators and credit improvement tips were all it took to manage debt, the average American would not have a zero savings rate. Keep in mind, what you achieve with debt is just as important as how much debt you take on and the terms of repayment. Some assets are appreciating, which means they rise in value, and some assets are depreciating (declining). If you use debt to purchase a depreciating asset, you are paying an increasing amount for something that decreases in value. An automobile, for example, depreciates in value significantly as soon as it's driven off the dealer's lot.

Personally, I like to think of my purchases and debts as assets and liabilities, the way a small business would. When I bought my laptop, for example, I thought of it as an asset that would increase my productivity. Likewise, when I receive a second paycheck for only part of the year (I teach as an Adjunct Assistant Professor at Columbia), I use credit cards at other times to modulate my cash flow. But that's just me. If I were to compare my debt life to the sex life of a character from The L Word, I would probably be a Bette. Moderate, long-term oriented and, occasionally, entirely out of control. I keep the latter tendency in check by allocating a generous portion of my income to an investment fund that I can't touch. When it comes to debt, knowing your weaknesses may be as important as knowing your goals.

11 Comments

hmmmm

How about just living within your means? Over spending is an addiction. There's a lot more going on mentally than "I just gotta have those shoes..."

I dunno.... tomorrow I could get hit by a bus and my savings goes to a bitchin' funeral/party.

The Swingin' A's

I personally love cash and

I personally love cash and keeping dept to a minimum. I try to live within my means. I did the credit cards when I was 18, 19, 20, and 21. I had received them in the mail because of college. And continued to use the cards until my son was about 2 - and I realized, it was a cycle that I did not want to stay trapped in. I saw my friends get into the same routine.

It's too easy to become a slave to it. If people need to cut their dept they need to spend less and change their ways. Or get another job.

I've learned to save up for stuff. And purchases, like dinner, gas, food, clothes - should be used with cash or a debit card, and used with credit card only in emergencies or really tight pinches, that don't happen often. Or used on card that has a small limit that does not go past your monthly spending limit.

rovermom :)

Life is a 3D puzzle and everyone has a piece!

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Debt terrifies the miser

Mitch, what advice do you have for those already enslaved to debt? Many of my friends have daunting education debts, but those seem to be slowly whittled away over long periods of time.

More concerning to me is my beloved, who acquired considerable debt when she got a travel bug years ago which did not diminish after her decrease in salary upon return to the US. It scares me almost as much as her. I am fortunate to have escaped all my education with modest savings rather than massive debt, but still do not own a house or have retirement funds to speak of.

Anyhow, it seems that we are looking to the long-term in our relationship, although it's been less than a year. I am well aware of the wisdom of keeping money out of friendships, and realize that this also should apply to romance. But her debt will be larger at the theoretical moment in the future when (if) we commit to share everything, including finances. Is it always downright foolish to pay off someone else's debt lump sum with your own savings (thereby depleting them markedly)? If so - as I suspect - what advice do you have for those unfortunate souls already saddled with unhealthy credit card debt? For instance, she is siphoning 20% of her current income into retirement savings - should this be curtailed until debt is paid off?

Thanks, Mitch, for addressing the tough issues!

author

Long-term

First, get out the calculators. Here's a pretty straightforward tool for calculating total repayment based on fixed interest rates. http://portal.fxfn.com/fxinclude/dinkytown/DebtAmount.jsp

An example: credit card debt of just $2,250 with a 7.6% interest rate will take more than 10 years to pay off at minimum monthly payments of $45. Total interest paid will be $784, for an initial debt of just $2,250!

Look at the big picture. Include taxes and tax benefits, income and projected income growth, realistic performance expectations for retirement funds. If your compounded savings and investments accrue returns at a rate lower than the interest rate on your debts, you could save money by paying down the debt sooner. Outside of tax advantages and subsidized loans, it's rarely a good idea to pay just the minimum monthly balance on personal debt. On the flip side, read the fine print for prepayment penalties before you pay off any loan in lump sum.

If you are serious about this relationship, consider going to a financial planner. As with any advice, be aware of what products they might try to sell you in the process.

Mitch

Charming similes and great subject, thank you

... may I ask what courses do you teach?
Cordially,
kalli

author

Sure

It's a small course for urban planners, though open to architects and real estate developers.

http://www.arch.columbia.edu/index.php?pageData=75120

Mitch

Debt

Mitch, talking about money and debt is more precarious than talking about sex. I just decided to invest in a new laptop paying for part of it outright and financing the rest. But I made sure I got a zero interest loan until 2010 and it will be all paid off long before then.

Anyway, the new laptop is partly how I was able to read your good advice today. Smile.

Good advice

Thank you both for sharing your insight & knowledge. I can honestly say that it's impacted my spending habits & money matters.

sexy intelligence

I could not concentrate on what you were saying beyond the first paragrah,lol, Probably 1 reason I cant get out of debt.. I find your intelligence and insight profoundly sexy and my debt staggeringly unattractive. Maybe I can focus tomarrow....Mitch How about a Big give project where you counsel some lucky OC gals on personal finance by phone for 6 months....that would be life changing.

Be the change u wish to see in the world...

Debt + Inflation = problems

Sometimes also, assets appreciate in value due to inflation. Prices sometimes become inflated... and therefore become more expensive to purchase.

Government can also increase debt worries by raising Prime Lending Rates. That happened last month in my country to combat inflation, so now it's more expensive to get a loan. This should discourage people to take loans and put themselves into more debt.

Another point, debt isn't a bad word if you can pay it off. However, you have a responsibility to yourself to choose your debts wisely, and time them in accordance with your ability to re-pay. If you can just barely make the monthly installments, maybe its best you hold off, save some cash and make your downpayment bigger and your future installments smaller. This would apply to a bank loan, mortgage, car loan etc.

Try your best not to live beyond your means. And try to save. That's my advice. The old advice used to be "Save at least 10% of your income after taxes each month." This is irrelevant if Inflation keeps going up. Try to steer clear of debt, choose bills you can afford to pay. If you're going to take a loan, take it on something like an education that will pay off over time. If you have kids, well it's harder to manage debt but always try to keep a culture of saving in your home, and teach your kids how to save.

I know it sounds like I'm giving advice, and I guess I am. Financial Management/Investing is a passion of mine. I'm still learning alot but this is my field of work and these are my thoughts on the issue.

author

Great!

Thanks for this wonderful follow-up. Many advisers recommend keeping credit card liability down to 25% of the limit for each card. Higher than 75% can reduce credit scores. Great points about inflation.

Mitch